Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation scientist Courtney Griffin, Ph.D., studies the emerging field of epigenetics.
Compelling evidence of epigenetic marks have been shown in mice, but the research in humans is still in its infancy.
As the parent of two children, Courtney Griffin, Ph.D., is well aware that the choices she and her husband make will have a profound impact on their daughters’ lives.
But Griffin is also a scientist at the Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation who studies the emerging field of epigenetics. And through her research in this area, she is learning that the decisions we make as parents—what we feed our children, how much attention we give them as infants—may impact more than just our children, but also the genetic destinies of our descendants for generations to come.
Epigenetics are chemical changes to the genome that affect how DNA is packaged and expressed without affecting the underlying genetic sequence.
“Epigenetics works like a watermark on top of genes,” said Griffin. “If you imagine your genetic makeup as a well-oiled machine, epigenetics are like the rust that settles on it and leaves a surface coating. This can muck things up, suppressing genes that need to work or turning on genes that are meant to be quiet.”
Scientists have determined that these marks can form as a result of the foods we eat, the toxins we ingest or even the stressful events we experience. And that they can persist for generations in some species.
“The real news with epigenetics is that these actions can theoretically affect more than just you and your children, but also your great grandchildren, great-grandchildren and beyond,” said Griffin.
A geneticist by trade, Griffin has spent her career manipulating DNA, the encyclopedia of genetic information that is inside of each of our cells. Griffin edits DNA of laboratory mice so that she can understand the development and function of blood vessels in these animals. She said her experience has shown her that epigenetic marks really can serve to reprogram genes’ behavior.
“Anything that genetics controls, which is essentially everything about us, can be altered,” said Griffin. “It comes back to how the marks are read by proteins in the cell. Any extra variable changes what they read, and these variables can be introduced by bad lifestyle habits.”
Luckily, said Griffin, research suggests these epigenetic marks don’t have to be permanently etched onto your DNA. “It appears these marks are quite malleable in humans, and making healthy choices like eating a better diet or reducing stress can make a difference,” she said.
“To me, it’s profound and empowering that we can influence how our genes work through the choices we make,” she said. “It gives us yet another reason to live a healthy life and make smart choices, because it doesn’t just affect us.”
Terry Forst checking cattle on the ranch outside of Waurika, OK.
Terry Forst and her sons, Robert (left) and Clay (right), manage all aspects of Stuart Ranch and are the fifth and sixth generations to do so.
All 99 degrees of the July sun beat down on the parking lot outside the Stuart Ranch Headquarters in Waurika, OK. Inside, the walls of the log cabin-style building are lined with awards and family photos, most of which include horses and cattle. The sound of boots on a concrete floor echo down the hallway as Terry Stuart Forst rounds the corner and greets a visitor with a smile and a handshake.
Forst is the General Manager of the 46,000 acre operation, a title she’s held since 1992 when her father handed her the reins.
She pulls out a bench and sits at a long dining table as she reflects on memories and stories of the ranch.
Forst has had agriculture in her blood from day one. Some of her earliest memories as a child include going with her siblings to play at “Big Daddy’s Playhouse”, which was the scale house her grandfather used to weigh cattle.
“When I was growing up, if I was on a horse, I was happy,” Forst said.
Upon graduating high school in Oklahoma City, Forst went on to attend Oklahoma State University which she credits with giving her some of the best friendships in her life. There she received her bachelor’s degree and returned home to the ranch. However, before she took the position of General Manager, she tried her hand in a few other roles across the region.
“I got my real estate license and lived in Dallas for a while,” Forst said. “I felt like a duck out of water and really was not happy.”
Forst decided to apply for Texas Christian University’s Farm and Ranch Management Program on a whim. She received a phone call the next day for an interview.
“When things just start falling into place perfectly, you know it’s God’s plan,” Forst said.
Shortly thereafter she got her son Clay enrolled in a local school and her youngest son, Robert, into a day care close by. When everything began to fall into place, Forst knew she was headed in the right direction. After graduating first in her class from the Farm and Ranch Management Program in 1992, she and her sons returned home to the ranch for good.
“We will be 150 years old next year,” Forst said explaining the history of Stuart Ranch. “I am the fifth generation, my son’s Robert and Clay are the sixth, and my grandchildren are the seventh.”
The Chisholm Trail Museum in Duncan, OK comes up in conversation between Forst and her visitor.
“Do you want to see it?” Forst asked.
“The museum?” the visitor asked.
“No the actual Chisholm Trail,” Forst said. “It runs right through our land. I’ll take you to see it!”
She climbs into her white Ford Expedition, looking over her grandkids’ car seat as she backs out of the drive. Dixie, a brown and white Welsh Corgi and Forst’s chief traveling buddy, takes a back seat for the ride.
A white cloud of dust trails the car as Forst drives down Jefferson County roads reminiscing on the history of the ranch – a subject that Forst is a scholar on.
The ranch, which was founded in Caddo, OK in 1868, is the oldest in the state of Oklahoma under continuous family ownership. To help the reader grasp the age of the operation, it was founded a few months before Ulysses S. Grant was elected President, five years before barbed wire had been designed and half a century before World War I broke out.
“Caddo is the oldest part of the ranch,” Forst said. “Daddy bought this place [Waurika] in 1993. When he died in 2001, we started realigning to make this our headquarters. It just made more sense and we’ve been here since 2004. It’s a very new move relative to our operation.”
The operation of 46,000 acres has now expanded into an area just east of Waurika, OK where their headquarters is located today. The ranch is separated into three categories: horse, cattle and outfitting divisions. Much to Forst’s delight, her two sons followed her footsteps and made the choice to live and work on the ranch.
The horse division is managed by Forst’s younger son, Robert, and has a history and tradition as deep as the ranch itself. The horse operation has had worldwide success over the past century taking home several world champion titles. Stuart Ranch received the American Quarter Horse Association’s Best of Remuda award in 1995 for their quality of working horses.
“We bred a little under 50 mares this year,” Forst said. “We do all of that in-house with artificial insemination.”
This is just one of many ways Stuart Ranch has diversified and adapted to ensure their success and growth.
The cattle division is comprised of 60 percent Black Baldies and 40 percent Herefords. Cows calve in one of two 60-day calving periods; February through March and September through October. Forst oversees the cattle operation and has four “camp men” that reside on the ranch to ensure things are taken care of properly.
The hunting division, Stuart Ranch Outfitters, is an Oklahoma Agritourism destination managed by Forst’s oldest son, Clay. The outfitting operation offers package hunts at both Caddo and Waurika locations. Hunters have an opportunity to hunt whitetail deer, turkey, waterfowl and feral hogs on 46,000 acres ranging from tallgrass prairies to rolling rocky hills.
Between the three divisions of the Stuart Ranch, no one would argue that Forst has a full plate when it comes to work. With 150 years under their belt, you can bet that Stuart Ranch has weathered a few storms and fought their fair share of uphill battles as well.
Forst has a way of dealing with those difficult times in life.
“I told my boys at a young age that sometimes all we can do is put one foot in front of the other, pray and keep trucking,” Forst said.
Forst goes on to talk about her love for the agriculture community. While that community encompasses thousands of families, she has never hesitated to help her neighbors – even if they’re 300 miles away.
When wildfires struck farms and ranches in northwest Oklahoma and southwest Kansas this March, Forst hurt with them. She rounded up 11 volunteers, 11 miles of fence, skid steers, trucks and countless tools and headed north.
“You’ve gotta help when you’ve gotta help,” Forst said. “The neat thing to me was seeing thousands of trucks loaded with hay and then you see one old man with a stock-rack pick up hauling two bales. Everyone just gave all they could. I can hardly talk about it.”
Forst has also received many awards and held positions that one simply does not attain without a strong work ethic and impeccable leadership skills. She served as the first female President of the Oklahoma Cattlemen’s Association and was inducted into the National Cowgirl Hall of Fame in 2007, just to name a few.
Although, if you want to hear about Forst’s accomplishments, don’t go to her. Her humble attitude can make obtaining information about herself a challenge. She will, however, brag on and on about those who have helped her along the way and shaped her into who she is today.
“I have been very blessed to have some really, really, really great friends,” Forst said. “The list goes on and on.”
May 19,, 2018 is set to be the ranch’s 150th anniversary celebration. Some may wonder how the ranch not only stayed above water, but thrived through 150 years of trials and hardships. Forst is quick to attribute the ranch’s success to God’s grace and, as long as Terry Forst has anything to do with it, the ranch will be around many generations to come.
“It’s interesting what God will do and how he’s orchestrated things in my life,” Forst said. “My whole life has been faith, totally and completely. I tell Him ‘I’m not quitting, so don’t quit on me, Lord!’”
he Fountains at Canterbury, a continuum of care senior living community in Oklahoma City, welcomes Dustin Thomasson as the assistant director of nurses in rehabilitation and skilled nursing at The Springs and Heather Justice as the program director for assisted living at The Inn and memory care at The Gardens at The Fountains of Canterbury. Thomasson brings more than 22 years of nursing experience to the position, and Justice adds 16 years of experience to her position.
“The Fountains at Canterbury relies on exceptional associates to provide quality care that allows our residents to thrive,” said Cody Erikson, executive director of The Fountains at Canterbury. “Dustin and Heather bring valuable experience and compassion to these positions. They will be vital to the future of The Fountains of Canterbury.”
Thomasson became a registered nurse in 2002 and has worked for The Fountains at Canterbury for three years in other capacities. He was previously the director of nurses at Meadowlake Estates in Oklahoma City and a clinical director at Brookdale Bradford Village in Edmond, Oklahoma.
“I hope that the work I do each day betters the life of people both living and working in the community,” said Thomasson.
Justice has been a registered nurse since 2011 with experience at Quail Ridge Senior Living in Oklahoma City as the director of nurses and was previously a registered nurse care manager at Providence Home Care in Oklahoma City.
The Fountains at Canterbury is dedicated to being the first choice in senior living, providing a continuum of care including independent living, assisted living, memory care, innovative rehabilitation therapies and skilled care. The Fountains at Canterbury is managed by Watermark Retirement Communities and is committed to creating an extraordinary community where people thrive. To learn more, please call (405) 381-8165 or go online to www.watermarkcommunities.com.
Generations of David Thompson’s family have met the rehabilitation needs of Oklahomans at Bellevue Health and Rehabilitation since 1954.
by Bobby Anderson
Staff Writer
David Thompson remembers 30 years years ago when patients drove themselves to Bellevue Health and Rehabilitation.
Now, more often than not, they arrive in the back of an ambulance. And the diagnoses they bring with them include IVs, feeding tubes and care plans that look more medical surgical than rehabilitative.
But for generations now the Thompson family has answered the call to take care of Oklahomans.
And in a healthcare environment that’s pushing more and more care outward and away from a traditional hospital setting. The family-owned business doesn’t plan on changing its mission anytime soon.
“I’ve been in this business a long time and … there’s been a paradigm shift,” Thompson said. “We’ve got to be ready so we have to have good quality nursing and they need to be more like the hospital nurse.”
“They need to identify things before they become a problem.”
FAMILY AFFAIR
Thompson has been in the family business for 32 years. Back when he started there was no Medicare or Medicaid payments.
“Everyone paid their own way,” he said. “They were really the assisted living patients. Residents had cars and then over the years it just progressed.”
Thompson’s mom and dad started the business in the early 1950s.
Four of the children including David still work at Bellevue. Five grandchildren also work full-time throughout the center.
It takes some 230 staff members overall to get the job done.
“We staff really well. My dad always told me patient care comes first,” said Thompson, who notes Bellevue is among the top one percent in the country in terms of staffing ratios.
Founded in 1954, Bellevue is a 220-bed facility located in Oklahoma City, in close proximity to all local hospitals. Through the years, Bellevue has continued to grow and evolve to meet community needs, and today offers a full continuum of care, from temporary respite stays, to short-term rehabilitation, to long-term skilled nursing care, as well as a broad array of specialty programs and services.
TREMENDOUS GROWTH
Thompson remembers when Bellevue did 100 admissions a year.
That occurs in a month now with an almost equal number of discharges.
The number of skilled beds has blossomed from 20 to 62.
IVs, wound vacs, Stage IV wounds, specialty beds and peg tubes are now commonplace.
TPN will come soon.
“For whatever reason Medicare is pushing everyone to skilled,” Thompson said. “We’ve stepped our game up a whole lot.”
The continued money crunch from the federal government has demanded facilities like Bellevue become higher-skilled facilities. And with increased scrutiny on readmission rates the responsibility for end patient outcomes has also shifted.
“I see Medicare putting such strict guidelines on the LTACs now. (Patients) have to have three midnights in an ICU. We used to be able to send a patient to an LTAC,” Thompson said. “I think Medicare is pushing everyone to skilled because it is probably less expensive.”
According to CMS, hip and knee replacements are the most common inpatient surgery for Medicare beneficiaries and can require lengthy recovery and rehabilitation periods.
In 2014, there were more than 400,000 procedures, costing more than $7 billion for the hospitalizations alone. Despite the high volume of these surgeries, quality and costs of care for these hip and knee replacement surgeries still vary greatly among providers.
The Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) model aims to support better and more efficient care for beneficiaries undergoing the most common inpatient surgeries.
The CJR model holds participant hospitals financially accountable for the quality and cost of a CJR episode of care and incentivizes increased coordination of care among hospitals, physicians, and post-acute care providers.
“It’s a lot of pressure on everyone because we can’t send someone home with multiple co-morbidities that still needs skilled care,” Thompson said.
That’s why Bellevue has invested heavily in people and technology. The massive new AlterG Anti-Gravity treadmill stands out in the therapy room as testimony.
The treadmill removes up to 80 percent of a patient’s weight, allowing them to focus on joint mobility and strengthening without fear of fall or reinjury.
It also shortens the road to recovery.
But overall, the focus has always been on people.
“It comes down to helping people,” Thompson said. “The patient comes first.”
Drake RiceMichael R. “Mike” NunneleyMick CornettElaine Grace Carr
Five officials representing a wide range of experiences will be inducted September 14 into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame for City and Town Officials. The black-tie optional hall of fame induction ceremony will be at the Tulsa Convention Center in Tulsa in conjunction with the Annual Conference Banquet for the Oklahoma Municipal League.
They will become the 56th – 60th inductees into the Oklahoma Hall of Fame since 2001.
Those to be inducted this year were recently announced by the Oklahoma Hall of Fame for City and Town Officials Foundation, which is supported by eight organizations of Oklahoma municipal government officials or service organizations.
Those to be inducted on September 14 are:
Marilyn Kay Andrews, Former Mayor (deceased), Ponca City
Elaine Grace Carr, Mayor, West Siloam Springs
Mick Cornett, Mayor, Oklahoma City
Michael R. “Mike” Nunneley, Town Administrator, Mannford
Drake Rice, Former City Manager, Cushing (Asst.), Prague & Blackwell.
Formed in 1999, the Oklahoma Hall of Fame for City and Town Officials Foundation recognizes individuals for outstanding achievements or contributions to city and town government. To be selected, an honoree must make significant contributions to Oklahoma local government, through their positive spirit of public service, with unquestioned ethics.
The website:
www.okcityandtownofficials.org highlights the careers of each inductee in the past 15 years. Visitors to the website are able to navigate through biographies, video and photo features about each inductee.
The Oklahoma Hall of Fame Foundation is supported by the Oklahoma Municipal League, The Mayors Council of Oklahoma, the City Management Association of Oklahoma, the Municipal Electric Systems of Oklahoma, the Oklahoma Municipal Assurance Group, the Oklahoma Municipal Retirement Fund, the Oklahoma Municipal Power Authority and the Oklahoma Municipal Clerks, Treasurers and Finance Officials Association.
Tickets for the Hall of Fame Induction Ceremony and banquet are $45 each available from the Oklahoma Municipal League by calling 405-528-7515 or by email to cathy@oml.org .
Dear Savvy Senior, My wife and I are both in our late sixties and are looking to buy a new car. Can you recommend some good resources that can help us evaluate and choose a good car for older drivers? Car Shoppers
Dear Shoppers,
With more than 40 million licensed drivers in the United States age 65 and older, many automakers today are designing certain vehicles that are friendlier for older drivers. But what makes a good car for seniors? For many, top priorities include a vehicle that’s easy to get into and out of, easy to adjust for fit and comfort, easy to operate and see out of, as well as reliable, safe and a good value.
To help you narrow your vehicle choices, Consumer Reports and the American Automobile Association (AAA) offer some great information and tools to assist you.
CR Best Cars
Consumer Reports recently put out a top 25 ranking of new cars for senior drivers. Each vehicle on their list offers excellent or very good ratings on reliability, safety, road-test performance and owner satisfaction. And, they offer a variety of senior-friendly features that are extremely important to older divers, like:
* Easy front-seat access: Vehicles with low door thresholds, wider door openings, and step-in heights that reduce the need for ducking or climbing, make getting into and out of a car easier for those with physical limitations.
* Good visibility: Being able to see well out of the front, sides, and back of a vehicle for tall, medium, and shorter drivers.
* Simplified controls: Easy-to-read gauges and simplified/intuitive controls for changing the radio, shifting gears, and adjusting the heating and cooling is a high priority among older drivers.
* Bright headlights: Powerful headlights can make driving at night easier for people with decreasing or compromised vision.
They also weighed in extra safety features (standard or optional) like a backup camera, automatic emergency braking, forward-collision warning and blind-spot warning.
Their picks include a variety of compact and midsized sedans and SUVs, two minivans and a station wagon from seven different automakers. Here’s their top 25 ranking, starting with one through 25: Subaru Forester; Subaru Outback; Kia Soul; Subaru Legacy; Kia Sportage; Toyota Highlander; Toyota Prius V; Toyota RAV4; Honda Odyssey; Nissan Rogue; Honda Accord; Ford C-Max Hybrid; Hyundai Sonata; Toyota Camry; Subaru Crosstrek; Toyota Sienna; Honda CR-V; Honda Pilot; Kia Forte; Ford Escape; Toyota Corolla; Kia Sorento; Ford Flex; Hyundai Santa Fe; Hyundai Tucson.
For more information on their top 25 list, see ConsumerReports.org/elderly-driving/top-25-new-cars-for-senior-drivers.
AAA Tool
Another great resource that can help you evaluate and chose a vehicle that meets your needs is the AAA online tool “Smart Features for Older Drivers.”
At SeniorDriving.AAA.com/SmartFeatures you can check the areas you have problems with – like diminished vision, cognitive decline, limited upper body range of motion, decreased leg strength, arthritic hands, short stature or overweight – and the tool will identify vehicles that have the features that will best accommodate your needs. Although this tool looks at model-year 2016 vehicles, in many cases the features shown are carried over for 2017 models.
They also have a Smart Features brochure you can download that will tell you what to look for in a vehicle to best accommodate your needs.
Send your senior questions to: Savvy Senior, P.O. Box 5443, Norman, OK 73070, or visit SavvySenior.org. Jim Miller is a contributor to the NBC Today show and author of “The Savvy Senior” book.
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Oklahoma (BCBSOK) and INTEGRIS have reached a new contract agreement. The timely agreement comes just days prior to the current contract’s expiration – good news for the thousands of BCBSOK members who depend on INTEGRIS facilities and doctors across Oklahoma.
“Reaching an agreement was always our goal,” said Bruce Lawrence, president and chief executive officer of INTEGRIS. “Both INTEGRIS and Blue Cross and Blue Shield want what is best for our patients – and that is to continue offering high-quality, convenient and affordable medical care and coverage to the people of Oklahoma.”
The two-year agreement means BCBSOK members can seek services at INTEGRIS facilities throughout the state, including: Oklahoma City, Edmond, Enid, Grove, Miami and Yukon. BCBSOK members in the Blue TraditionalSM, Blue Choice PPOSM, Blue Preferred PPOSM, BlueLincs HMOSM, Medicare AdvantageSM and Medicare Supplemental plan provider networks will receive in-network benefits at INTEGRIS facilities as well as with more than 600 INTEGRIS doctors. As part of the agreement, INTEGRIS hospitals and employed physicians will also participate in BCBSOK’s exchange product Blue Advantage. That effective date will be announced soon.
“We are pleased to reach a new agreement that allows our members to continue receiving care at INTEGRIS at in-network rates and benefit levels,” said Ted Haynes, president of BCBSOK. “We take very seriously our role as steward of our members’ health care coverage dollars. This agreement underscores our commitment to provide our members access to quality, cost-effective health care and ensures members are treated by in-network health care providers when going to an in-network facility. We look forward to continuing our long-term relationship with INTEGRIS.”
Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Oklahoma and INTEGRIS thank the people in all the communities where INTEGRIS operates for their patience and support during this negotiation. BCBSOK and INTEGRIS worked diligently behind the scenes to resolve contractual issues and to prevent any lapse in coverage for BCBSOK members.
September is Global Pulmonary Fibrosis Awareness Month. While most Americans don’t have first hand knowledge of pulmonary fibrosis, the 140,000 Americans who are reported to have it according to the American Lung Association are well aware of the impact it makes on their lives as well as their family.
Pulmonary Fibrosis is one of a family of related diseases called interstitial lung diseases that normally results in lung scarring. As the lung tissue becomes scarred, it interferes with a person’s ability to breathe and deliver oxygen into the blood. One of the most common types of Pulmonary Fibrosis is Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF – Idiopathic means no known cause). Currently, there is no cure for the disease and no way to reverse lung scarring and damage, so for most, the only hope is a lung transplant.
IPF is commonly misdiagnosed. An accurate diagnosis may be delayed for months or even years because the symptoms of IPF are shared by many other and more common lung diseases, such as COPD, asthma or even cardiac issues. IPF is normally characterized and noticed by a persistent cough and shortness of breath. As the lungs develop more scar tissue, symptoms worsen and patients may become breathless while taking part in everyday activities, such as showering, getting dressed, speaking on the phone, or even eating.
Other common symptoms of IPF include: Fatigue and weakness, Discomfort in the chest, Loss of appetite, Unexplained weight loss, Clubbing’ of fingertips.
Diagnosis is normally confirmed through Pulmonary Function Tests, combined with a High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scan of the chest and other pulmonary tests.
To manage symptoms and slow the process, the Food and Drug Administration approved the drugs, nintedanib – brand name Ofev – and pirfenidone – brand name Esbriet – in October 2014. But they are extremely expensive and cost-prohibitive for some. Even with the medications that are designed to slow the process, presently there is no way to reverse lung scarring and damage.
To support this rare disease, the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation has created a wealth of information for patients, caregivers and friends to increase their knowledge, and be better prepared to partner with their Pulmonologist and other doctors. Its mission is to serve as the trusted resource for the pulmonary fibrosis community by raising awareness, providing disease education and funding research.
Support is There……..
Participating in a support group may improve your emotional well-being and have a positive impact on your health by offering you an opportunity to connect with others who are facing similar experiences, obtain practical information, and to receive support. Support groups can also be a valuable resource for your caregivers, other family members, and friends. The Oklahoma City area Pulmonary Fibrosis Support Group meets the first Tuesday of every month from 6:30pm – 8:00pm at Integris Baptist Medical Center, 3300 NW Expressway, Conference Rooms J, K, and L, Oklahoma City, OK. There is no charge to attend.
To learn more about IPF, and the available resources for the pulmonary fibrosis community, visit the Pulmonary Fibrosis Foundation website at www.pulmonaryfibrosis.org